MODULES PART-7

 

MATH MODULE:

The math module is a standard module in Python and is always available. To use mathematical functions under this module, you have to import the module using import math.

It gives access to the underlying C library functions. For example,

# Square root calculation

import math

math.sqrt(4)

Output:2

Functions in Python Math Module

Here is the list of all the functions and attributes defined in math module with a brief explanation of what they do.

List of Functions in Python Math Module
Function	Description
ceil(x)	Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to x.
copysign(x, y)	Returns x with the sign of y
fabs(x)	Returns the absolute value of x
factorial(x)	Returns the factorial of x
floor(x)	Returns the largest integer less than or equal to x
fmod(x, y)	Returns the remainder when x is divided by y
frexp(x)	Returns the mantissa and exponent of x as the pair (m, e)
fsum(iterable)	Returns an accurate floating point sum of values in the iterable
isfinite(x)	Returns True if x is neither an infinity nor a NaN (Not a Number)
isinf(x)	Returns True if x is a positive or negative infinity
isnan(x)	Returns True if x is a NaN
ldexp(x, i)	Returns x * (2**i)
modf(x)	Returns the fractional and integer parts of x
trunc(x)	Returns the truncated integer value of x
exp(x)	Returns e**x
expm1(x)	Returns e**x - 1
log(x[, base])	Returns the logarithm of x to the base (defaults to e)
log1p(x)	Returns the natural logarithm of 1+x
log2(x)	Returns the base-2 logarithm of x
log10(x)	Returns the base-10 logarithm of x
pow(x, y)	Returns x raised to the power y
sqrt(x)	Returns the square root of x
acos(x)	Returns the arc cosine of x
asin(x)	Returns the arc sine of x
atan(x)	Returns the arc tangent of x
atan2(y, x)	Returns atan(y / x)
cos(x)	Returns the cosine of x
hypot(x, y)	Returns the Euclidean norm, sqrt(x*x + y*y)
sin(x)	Returns the sine of x
tan(x)	Returns the tangent of x
degrees(x)	Converts angle x from radians to degrees
radians(x)	Converts angle x from degrees to radians
acosh(x)	Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of x
asinh(x)	Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of x
atanh(x)	Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of x
cosh(x)	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x
sinh(x)	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x
tanh(x)	Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x
erf(x)	Returns the error function at x
erfc(x)	Returns the complementary error function at x
gamma(x)	Returns the Gamma function at x
lgamma(x)	Returns the natural logarithm of the absolute value of the Gamma function at x
pi	Mathematical constant, the ratio of circumference of a circle to it's diameter (3.14159...)
e	mathematical constant e (2.71828...)