GENERATORS

Generators in Python

There are two terms involved when we discuss generators.

Generator-Function : A generator-function is defined like a normal function, but whenever it needs to generate a value, it does so with the yield keyword rather than return. If the body of a def contains yield, the function automatically becomes a generator function.

 

# A generator function that yields 1 for first time, # 2 second time and 3 third time defsimpleGeneratorFun():     yield1                 yield2                 yield3                 # Driver code to check above generator function forvalue insimpleGeneratorFun():      print(value)

Output :

1.  1

2.  2

3.  3

 

Generator-Object : Generator functions return a generator object. Generator objects are used either by calling the next method on the generator object or using the generator object in a “for in” loop (as shown in the above program).

 

# A Python program to demonstrate use of  # generator object with next()     # A generator function defsimpleGeneratorFun():     yield1     yield2     yield3     # x is a generator object x =simpleGeneratorFun()    # Iterating over the generator object using next print(x.next()) # In Python 3, __next__() print(x.next()) print(x.next())

Output :

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3

So a generator function returns an generator object that is iterable, i.e., can be used as an Iterators .

As another example, below is a generator for Fibonacci Numbers.

# A simple generator for Fibonacci Numbers deffib(limit):            # Initialize first two Fibonacci Numbers      a, b =0, 1        # One by one yield next Fibonacci Number     whilea < limit:         yielda         a, b =b, a +b    # Create a generator object x =fib(5)    # Iterating over the generator object using next print(x.next()) # In Python 3, __next__() print(x.next()) print(x.next()) print(x.next()) print(x.next())    # Iterating over the generator object using for # in loop. print("\nUsing for in loop") fori infib(5):      print(i)

Output :

0

1

1

2

3

Using for in loop

0

1

1

2

3

 

Applications : Suppose we to create a stream of Fibonacci numbers, adopting the generator approach makes it trivial; we just have to call next(x) to get the next Fibonacci number without bothering about where or when the stream of numbers ends.
A more practical type of stream processing is handling large data files such as log files. Generators provide a space efficient method for such data processing as only parts of the file are handled at one given point in time. We can also use Iterators for these purposes, but Generator provides a quick way (We don’t need to write __next__ and __iter__ methods here).